Correction versus corrective action
Wiping up spilled oil is a correction; removing the reason the oil spilled and preventing recurrence is a corrective action. Most records stop at the first, and the same non-conformity returns months later.
Signs of a weak action
"Staff were warned", "care was requested", "training was given" — all three sit in the weakest class of control and, written alone, do not touch the root cause. An action without an owner or a date does not close either.
A strong action
Eliminating the hazard, substituting it, or separating it by engineering control. These work continuously and do not depend on a person. Administrative measures and protective equipment come last.
Verification
When an action closes, its effect is measured: did the same non-conformity recur? A closure without verification is not a closure but a tick.
In Optifora
Audit and incident records gather actions in the same list; an action without an owner, date and verification cannot close, and recurring non-conformities are surfaced.