The basic rule
Observation looks at behaviour, not at people, and records no names. The aim is not to find who did wrong but to see what makes the safe behaviour hard. A system that records names stops both observation and reporting within weeks.
The question of why not
Behind unsafe behaviour there is usually an obstacle: the equipment is far away, the guard slows the job, the instruction does not fit the work, there is not enough time. Observation exists to find that obstacle; the obstacle found becomes a task.
Who observes
The most effective observation is between people doing the same job. A supervisor's observation resembles inspection; a peer's resembles conversation, and the second changes behaviour more.
Trend, not count
Making the number of observations a target turns observation into form-filling. What is measured is whether the same obstacle recurs.
In Optifora
The observation record keeps behaviour and obstacle separate; the obstacle becomes a task, recurring obstacles are surfaced and tied back to the risk assessment.