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Türkiye · major industrial accidents
Prevention of major industrial accidents
An establishment holding dangerous substances above the threshold falls in scope. The tier, lower or upper, decides which documents arise.
What it asks for
Scope is set by the largest quantity that may be present — capacity, not the stock on a given day. Even if no single substance passes a threshold, substances in the same hazard category are added as fractions; if the sum exceeds one, the establishment is in scope. The higher the tier, the heavier the document duty.
- Determine scopeLower or upper tier is established from the annex thresholds and the summation rule.
- NotificationAn establishment in scope notifies with its substance inventory and quantities.
- Major-accident prevention policyThe policy is written, approved by top management and communicated to workers.
- Safety reportAt upper tier, scenarios, consequence analysis and the measures taken are compiled into a report.
- Internal emergency planA response arrangement matching the scenarios is set up and tested by drill.
- Domino effects and public informationInformation is exchanged with neighbouring establishments and the public is informed.
This page does not reproduce the regulation. Measured state: 13 obligations and 8 document templates are defined for this regime inside the product.
Which modules cover it
The modules below hold the records for this topic. Which ones you switch on is your decision.
Major accident (Seveso)
Establishment tier, substance inventory and notification documents.
Explosion protection document
Zones, the zone file, the 14-section document and equipment suitability.
Emergency management
Scenarios, team assignments and drill records.
Incident and non-conformity
Near miss, unsafe condition, work accident and occupational disease records.
Inspection and monitoring
Site rounds, checklists and non-conformity tracking.
Free tools for this topic
Legal basis
The table shows the obligations of the legislation region you pick in the top bar; it refreshes without reloading the page when the region changes.
Legal basis — Türkiye
| Obligation | Legal basis | How the page covers it |
|---|---|---|
| The operator determines the tier of the establishment by applying the summation rule defined in item 4 of the Notes to Annex 1. | Regulation on the Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents, Art. 7(1) | The scope determination step on the page: the lower or upper tier is established with the annex thresholds and the summation rule. |
| The operator of a lower or upper tier establishment makes the notification before starting operation, accurately and completely, through the Ministry's notification system by way of declaration. | Regulation on the Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents, Art. 7(2) | The notification step on the page: an establishment within scope files its notification with its substance inventory and quantities. |
| The notification is renewed within thirty days where there is a change in the quantity, nature or physical form of the declared dangerous substances affecting the tier, a change in the establishment details, or cessation of activity. | Regulation on the Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents, Art. 7(3) | The page's own measurement that 13 duties and 8 document templates are defined inside the product for this regime; renewing the notification is one of them. |
| The operator of a lower or upper tier establishment prepares or has prepared a major accident scenario document to identify major industrial accident hazards and to assess the resulting risks. | Regulation on the Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents, Art. 8(1) | The major accident module in the page's module block: establishment tier, substance inventory and notification documents. |
| The operator of a lower tier establishment prepares or has prepared the major accident prevention policy document, taking account of the safety management system set out in Annex 3. | Regulation on the Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents, Art. 10(1) | The accident prevention policy step on the page: the policy is written, approved by top management and communicated to workers. |
| The operator of an upper tier establishment prepares or has prepared a safety report containing at least the information set out in Annex 2 and keeps it at the establishment; a new establishment prepares the safety report before starting operation. | Regulation on the Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents, Art. 11(1) and 11(2) | The safety report step on the page: at the upper tier the report is prepared with scenarios, consequence analysis and the measures taken. |
| The operator of an upper tier establishment prepares or has prepared an internal emergency plan taking account of the information set out in Annex 4 and keeps it at the establishment. | Regulation on the Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents, Art. 13(1) | The internal emergency plan step on the page: a response scheme matching the scenarios is set up and tested by drill. |
| The operator reviews the internal emergency plan at intervals not exceeding three years, updates it where necessary, tests it and ensures that the emergency services take part in the drill to an adequate degree. | Regulation on the Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents, Art. 14(1) | The emergency management module on the page: scenarios, team assignment and drill records. The general workplace drill is annual, while this regime allows up to three years. |
| The operator of a lower or upper tier establishment keeps the public continuously informed through its website; the operator of an upper tier establishment prepares the information in Part 2 of Annex 5 and updates it regularly at intervals not exceeding five years. | Regulation on the Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents, Art. 16(1) and 16(2) | The domino and public information step on the page: information is shared with nearby establishments and the public is informed. |
In Türkiye the regime is the Regulation on the Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents and Mitigation of their Effects; the scope is set by the thresholds in Annex 1 and the summation rule, and the tier splits into lower and upper.
Legal basis — European Union
| Obligation | Legal basis | How the page covers it |
|---|---|---|
| Member States shall require the operator to send the competent authority a notification containing the name and address of the operator, information sufficient to identify the dangerous substances, their quantity and physical form, the activity of the installation and the immediate environment of the establishment. | Seveso III Directive 2012/18/EU, Art. 7(1) | The notification step on the page. |
| Member States shall require the operator to draw up a document setting out the major-accident prevention policy and to ensure that it is properly implemented; the policy is designed to ensure a high level of protection of human health and the environment and is proportionate to the major-accident hazards. | Seveso III Directive 2012/18/EU, Art. 8(1) | The accident prevention policy step on the page. |
| Member States shall require the operator of an upper-tier establishment to produce a safety report demonstrating that a safety management system is in effect, that major-accident hazards and possible scenarios have been identified, that adequate safety and reliability have been taken into account in design, construction, operation and maintenance, and that internal emergency plans have been drawn up. | Seveso III Directive 2012/18/EU, Art. 10(1) | The safety report step on the page. |
| Member States shall ensure that for all upper-tier establishments the operator draws up an internal emergency plan for the measures to be taken inside the establishment and supplies the necessary information to the competent authority for the external emergency plan. | Seveso III Directive 2012/18/EU, Art. 12(1)(a)-(b) | The internal emergency plan step on the page. |
| Member States shall ensure that internal and external emergency plans are reviewed, tested and where necessary updated by the operators and designated authorities at suitable intervals of no longer than three years. | Seveso III Directive 2012/18/EU, Art. 12(6) | The emergency management module on the page: drill records; the interval is the same as the three-year interval in the Turkish regulation. |
| Member States shall ensure that the competent authority identifies establishments or groups of establishments where the risk or consequences of a major accident may be increased because of geographical position, proximity and inventories of dangerous substances; the operators of those establishments exchange suitable information. | Seveso III Directive 2012/18/EU, Art. 9(1) and 9(3)(a) | The domino and public information step on the page. |
In the European Union the same regime is called Seveso III; the thresholds sit in Annex I, the tiers are lower and upper, and the internal emergency plan is tested at intervals not exceeding three years.
Legal basis — United Kingdom
| Obligation | Legal basis | How the page covers it |
|---|---|---|
| Every operator must take all measures necessary to prevent major accidents and to limit their consequences for human health and the environment. | Control of Major Accident Hazards Regulations 2015, reg. 5(1) | The "what it requires" block on the page: the document duty grows with the tier. |
| Within a reasonable period of time prior to the start of construction of a new establishment the operator must send the competent authority a notification containing the name and address of the operator, information sufficient to identify the dangerous substances, their quantity and physical form, the activities of the installations and a description of the immediate environment. | Control of Major Accident Hazards Regulations 2015, reg. 6(1) | The notification step on the page. |
| Every operator must prepare and retain a written major accident prevention policy; it must be designed to ensure a high level of protection of human health and the environment, be proportionate to the major accident hazards and set out the role and responsibility of management. | Control of Major Accident Hazards Regulations 2015, reg. 7(1) and 7(2) | The accident prevention policy step on the page. |
| A safety report prepared by an operator must contain as a minimum the data and information specified in Schedule 3 and identify the organisations involved in preparing it; the report must be sent to the competent authority. | Control of Major Accident Hazards Regulations 2015, reg. 9(1) and 9(2) | The safety report step on the page. |
| Every operator of an upper tier establishment must prepare an internal emergency plan specifying the measures to be taken inside the establishment; it must contain the information in Part 1 of Schedule 4, and the operator must at suitable intervals not exceeding three years review, where necessary revise, and test the plan. | Control of Major Accident Hazards Regulations 2015, reg. 12(1), 12(4) and 12(6) | The internal emergency plan step on the page and the drill records in the emergency management module. |
| The competent authority must identify groups of establishments, called domino groups, where the risk or consequences of a major accident may be increased because of the geographical position of the establishments, their proximity to each other or their inventories of dangerous substances. | Control of Major Accident Hazards Regulations 2015, reg. 24(1) | The domino and public information step on the page. |
In Great Britain the regime is the Control of Major Accident Hazards Regulations 2015; the tiers are lower and upper and the internal emergency plan is reviewed and tested at intervals not exceeding three years.
Legal basis — United States
| Obligation | Legal basis | How the page covers it |
|---|---|---|
| The employer shall perform an initial process hazard analysis on processes covered by this standard; the analysis shall be appropriate to the complexity of the process and shall identify, evaluate and control the hazards involved. | 29 CFR 1910.119(e)(1) | The United States counterpart of the safety report step; the scenario and consequence analysis runs here as the process hazard analysis. |
| The process hazard analysis shall address the hazards of the process, any previous incident with a likely potential for catastrophic consequences, engineering and administrative controls, the consequences of their failure, facility siting and human factors. | 29 CFR 1910.119(e)(3)(i)-(vii) | The scenario and consequence analysis sentence in the page's "what it requires" block. |
| At least every five years after completion of the initial process hazard analysis, the analysis shall be updated and revalidated by a team to assure that it is consistent with the current process. | 29 CFR 1910.119(e)(6) | The United States counterpart of the document renewal logic; in Türkiye and the EU the emergency plan is tested every three years, while here the analysis is revalidated every five years. |
| The employer shall establish and implement an emergency action plan for the entire plant in accordance with the provisions of 29 CFR 1910.38; the plan shall also include procedures for handling small releases. | 29 CFR 1910.119(n) | The United States counterpart of the internal emergency plan step. |
At the United States federal level the counterpart on the workplace safety side is the process safety management standard; instead of tiers and a notification institution there is a duty of analysis, procedures and emergency planning for processes above the threshold.